Pengembangan katalis Ni/Al2o3 untuk steam reforming tar hasil gasifikasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2011.10.2.1Abstract
The development of catalysts Ni/Al2O3 for steam reforming gasification tar This research studied the secondary tar removal in gasification technology through catalytic toluene steam reforming reactions. The objective of this study was to obtain a nickel catalyst that has good performance for steam reforming of tar (toluene) by selecting the ï§-Al2O3 or ï¡-Al2O3 supports, and adding promoter to inhibit deactivation due to coke formation. The performance of the catalyst is determined from the activity test in a fixed bed reactor at a temperature of 700 oC, atmospheric pressure, Time on Stream (TOS) 10 hours and stability test indicated by XRD and TGA. The catalyst showed the best performance was the Ni/ï§-Al2O3 catalyst with the average of toluene conversion of 96%. The addition of 2% and 5% by weight of CaO decreased the catalytic activity. Although it proved to inhibit the formation of coke, it did not reduce the rate of deactivation of catalyst. The XRD analysis showed that the Ni/ï§-Al2O3 after 10 hours in operation did not undergo any phase changes, thus the catalyst was still stable.
Keywords: tar cracking, steam reforming, nickel catalyst, toluene conversion, stability.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini merupakan suatu bagian dalam pengembangan teknologi penghilangan tar gasifikasi secara sekunder dengan cara perengkahan katalitik menggunakan reaksi steam reforming toluen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan katalis berbasis nikel yang memiliki kinerja yang baik untuk steam reforming tar (toluen) dengan memilih penyangga ï§-Al2O3 atau ï¡-Al2O3, dan menambah promotor CaO untuk menghambat deaktivasi akibat pembentukan arang. Kinerja katalis ditentukan dari uji aktivitas di dalam reaktor fixed bed pada temperatur 700 oC, tekanan atmosferik, selama 10 jam dan uji stabilitas yang diindikasikan menggunakan XRD dan TGA. Hasil pengujian aktivitas memperlihatkan bahwa katalis Ni/ï§-Al2O3 menghasilkan aktivitas yang paling baik dengan rata - rata konversi toluen 96%. Penambahan promotor CaO 2% dan 5% berat menurunkan aktivitas katalis Ni/ï§-Al2O3 dan menghambat pembentukan arang, tetapi tidak mengurangi laju deaktivasi katalis. Hasil XRD katalis Ni/ï§-Al2O3 setelah reaksi 10 jam menunjukkan tidak adanya perubahan fasa dari ï§-Al2O3 ke ï¡-Al2O3, yang berarti katalis masih tetap stabil.
Kata Kunci: perengkahan tar, katalis nikel, konversi toluen, stabilitas.
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